εἶμι — to come · Greek word G7063

A sum), Aeol. ἔμμι Sapph. 2.15, Theoc. 20.32; Cret. ἠμί GDI 4959a; 2 sg. εἶ, Ep. and Ion. εἰς Od. 17.388, al., Aeol. ἔσσι, Ep. and Dor. ἐσσί Il. 1.176, Pi. O. 6.90, Sophr. 134; ἐσί GDI 4959a; 3 sg. ἐστί, Dor. ἐντί IG 12(1).677 (Rhodes), Theoc. 1.17, etc.; 3 dual ἐστόν Th. 3.112; 1 pl. ἐσμέν, Ep. and Ion. εἰμέν (also in Pi. P. 3.60 ), ἐμέν Call. Fr. 294, Dor. εἰμές Theoc. 15.73, but ἠμέν GDI 5178.34; 3 pl. εἰσί (-ίν), Ep. and Ion. ἔασι (-ιν) Il. 7.73, Xenoph. 8.1, Antim. 29, Herod. 4.84, Dor. ἐντί Pi. N. 1.24, Theoc. 11.45, IG 9(1).32.22 (Phocis), etc.: imper. ἴσθι ( ἔσθι Hecat. 361 J. ), Ep. and Lyr. also in Med. form ἔσσο Od. 3.200, Sapph. 1.28, Maced. Pae. 31, late Prose ἔσο Plu. 2.241d, M.Ant. 3.5, Hld. 5.12, Porph. Marc. 34; 3 sg. ἔστω ( ἤτω LXX Ps. 103.31, and late Inscrr., CIG 2664, al.; but in Pl. R. 361c leg. ἴτω), Dor. εἴτω, ἤτω, Heraclid. ap. Eust. 1411.21, Elean ἤστω Schwyzer 424; 3 pl. ἔστωσαν, but ἔστων Hom., Pl. R. 502a, ὄντων Id. Lg. 879b, and early Att. Inscrr., IG 12.22, etc. (ἔστωσαν first in ii B. C., ib. 22.1328 ), Dor. ἐόντων ib. 1126: subj. ὦ, ᾖς, ᾖ, Ep. ἔω Od. 9.18; 3 sg. ἔῃ Il. 12.300,al. (also ἔῃσι 2.366, al., ᾖσι(ν) 19.202, Hes. Op. 294 ), also Boeot. ἔνθω IG 7.3172.165, μετείω Il. 23.47 and perh. εἴῃ 9.245, etc.; Dor. 3 pl. ὦντι SIG 940.3 (Crete), ἔωντι GDI 5040.14 (Hierapytna), Boeot. ἴωνθι IG 7.3171.46 (iii B. C.): opt. εἴην, -ης ( εἴησθα Thgn. 715 ), –η, also ἔοις, ἔοι, Il. 9.284, 142, al., cf. Hdt. 7.6; 3 pl. εἴοισαν Ἀρχ. Ἐφ. 1911.133 (Gonni); 3 dual εἴτην Pl. Prm. 149e, Sph. 243e; 1 pl. εἶμεν E. Alc. 921 (lyr.), Pl.; 2 pl. εἶτε Od. 21.195; 3 pl. εἶεν Il. 2.372, etc., εἴησαν Hdt. 1.2, etc.; Elean ἔα, = εἴη, SIG 9 (vi B. C.), and σύνεαν, = συνεῖεν, GDI 1149 (vi B. C.): inf. εἶναι, Arc. ἦναι SIG 306.9 (Tegea, iv B. C.); Ep. ἔμμεναι (also Aeol. ἔμμεν’ Sapph. 34 ), ἔμμεν (also Pi. P. 6.42, S. Ant. 623 (lyr.)), ἔμεναι, ἔμεν, also ἔμειν SIG 1166 (Dodona); Dor. εἶμεν Foed. ap. Th. 5.77, 79, IG 7.1.7 (Megara), ἦμεν Test.Epict. 5.16, Tab.Heracl. 1.75, Cret. ἦμεν or ἤμην Leg.Gort. 1.15, al., GDI 4998i 2, al., Megar. εἴμεναι Ar. Ach. 775, εἴμειν IG 12(1).155.100 (Rhodes), 14.952 (Agrigentum); εἶν ib. 12(9).211.10 (Eretria), SIG 135.4 (Olynthus), etc.: part. ὤν, Ep. ἐών, ἐοῦσα, ἐόν, Cypr. ἰών Inscr.Cypr. 135.23 H.; Boeot. fem. ἰῶσα IG 7.3172.116 (Orchom.), Aeol. and Dor. fem. ἔσσα Sapph. 75.4, IG 4.952.2 (Epid.), Theoc. 28.16, ἐοῖσα Pi. P. 4.265, ἔασσα Lyr.Alex.Adesp. 9, Diotog. ap. Stob. 4.7.62, εὖσα Erinn. 5.5 (also Ion., Herod. 5.16, εὔντων 2.85 ), ἐᾶσα Ti.Locr. 96d, IG 5(1).1470.8 (Messene), ἴαττα Leg.Gort. 8.47; acc. sg. εὖντα Theoc. 2.3; nom. sg. εἴς in Heraclid. ap. Eust. 1756.13, pl. ἔντες Tab.Heracl. 1.117; dat. pl. ἔντασσι ib. 104; gen. pl. παρέντων Alcm. 64: impf. ἦν Il. 2.77, etc., Ep. ἔον (also Aeol., Alc. 127, Sapph. Oxy. 1787 Fr. 3 ii 21 ), in Att. ἦ (dub. in Aeol., Alc. Supp. 14.9 ), Ar. Pl. 77, Pl. Phd. 61b, etc., but usu. altered to ἦν in codd. (and ἦν is required by metre in E. Ion 280 ), contr. from Ep. and Ion. ἦα ( Il. 5.808, al., IG 12(8).449.2 (Thasos), whence Hom.and later Ion. ἔα Il. 4.321, al., ἔας Hdt. 1.187, ἔατε Id. 4.119 ); Ep. 3 sg. ἦεν, always with ν in Hom.; ἔην as 1 sg., only Il. 11.762 (s. v.l., al. ἔον), freq. as 3 sg. (generally before a consonant, so that ἔεν is possible), sts. also ἤην; 2 sg. ἦσθα, later ἦς (wh. is v.l. in Pi. I. 1.26 ), sts. in LXX ( Jd. 11.35, Ru. 3.2,al.), cf. Pl. Ax. 365e, Erinn. 4.4, Ev.Matt. 25.21, al., ἦσθας Men. Epit. 156, Ep. ἔησθα; 3 sg. ἦν, Ep. ἔην, ἤην, ἦεν (v. supr.), Dor. and Aeol. ἦς Alc. Supp. 30.1, Epich. 102, Sophr. 59, Theoc. 2.90, SIG 241.145 (Delph.); 3 dual ἤστην Il. 5.10, E. Hipp. 387, Ar. Eq. 982, Pl. Euthd. 272a, al.; Dor. 1 pl. ἦμες Plu. Lyc. 21; 2 pl. ἦτε Pl. Euthd. 276c, ἦστε Ar. Pax 821, Ec. 1086; 3 pl. ἦσαν, Ion. and Poet. ἔσαν (in Hes. Th. 321, 825, ἦν is not pl. for ἦσαν, but is rather a peculiarity of syntax, v. infr. v, but is 3 pl. in Epich. 46, al., SIG 560.15 (Epidamnus, iii B. C.)); Aeol. ἔον Schwyzer 644.12; later ἤμην PSI 4.362.21 (iii B. C.), SIG 527.46 (Crete, iii B. C.), IGRom. 4.1740 (Cyme), always in LXX as Ba. 1.19, cf. Ev.Matt. 23.30, Plu. 2.174a, etc., and sts. in codd. of earlier writers, Lys. 7.34, Trag.Adesp. 124 (cited from E. Hel. 931 by Choerob. and from Id. Tr. 474 by Aps. ), X. Cyr. 6.1.9, Hyp. Ath. 26, 2 sg. ἦσο Epigr.Gr. 379 (Aezani), 3 sg. ἦστο Supp.Epigr. 1.455.7 (Phrygia), 1 pl. ἤμεθα PPetr. 2p.11 (iii B. C.), LXX Ba. 1.19, 1 Ki. 25.16, Ep.Eph. 2.3; subj. ὦμαι PBaden 48.12 (ii B. C.), ἦται GDI 1696, ἦνται prob. in IG 5(1).1390.83 (Andania); Ion. and Ep. also ἔσκον, used by A. Pers. 656 (lyr.): fut. ἔσομαι, ἔσται, Ep. and Aeol. also ἔσσομαι, ἔσεται, ἔσσεται; Aeol. 2 sg. ἔσσῃ prob. in Alc. 67, 87; Dor. 2 and 3 sg. ἐσσῇ, ἐσσεῖται, Il. 2.393, 13.317, Theoc. 10.5, 3 pl. ἐσσοῦνται Foed. ap. Th. 5.77 codd. (but ἔσσονται Tab.Heracl. 1.113 ), inf. ἐσσεῖσθαι Sophr. 57.—All forms of the pres.ind. are enclitic (exc. 2 sg. εἶ and 3 pl. ἔασι); but 3 sg. is written ἔστι when it begins a sentence or verse, or when it immediately follows οὐκ, καί, εἰ, ὡς, ἀλλά, or τοῦτ’, Hdn.Gr. 1.553 (also μή acc. to EM 301.3 ); later Gramm. wrote ἔστι as Subst. Verb, Phot., Eust. 880.22.

A as the Subst. Verb,

I of persons, exist, οὐκ ἔσθ’ οὗτος ἀνήρ, οὐδ’ ἔσσεται Od. 16.437; ἔτ’ εἰσί they are still in being, 15.433, cf. S. Ph. 445, etc.; τεθνηῶτος.. μηδ’ ἔτ’ ἐόντος Od. 1.289; οὐκέτ’ ἐστί he is no more, E. Hipp. 1162; οὐδὲ δὴν ἦν he was not long-lived, Il. 6.131; ὁ οὐκ ὤν, οἱ οὐκ ὄντες, of those who are no more, Th. 2.45, 44; οἱ ὄντες the living, Plb. 9.29.2; ὁ ὤν the Eternal, LXX Ex. 3.14, al., Ph. 1.289; θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες Il. 1.290; ἐσσόμενοι posterity, 2.119; κἀγὼ γὰρ ἦ ποτ’, ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐκ εἴμ’ ἔτι E. Hec. 284; ὡς ἂν εἶεν ἅνθρωποι might continue in being, Pl. Smp. 190c; ζώντων καὶ ὄντων Ἀθηναίων D. 18.72, cf. Arist. GC 318b25; of things, εἰ ἔστι ἀληθέως [ἡ τράπεζα] Hdt. 3.17, etc.; of cities, ὄλωλεν, οὐδ’ ἔτ’ ἐστὶ Τροία E. Tr. 1292, cf. Heracl. 491; δοκεῖ μοι Καρχηδόνα μὴ εἶναι censeo Carthaginem esse delendam, Plu. Cat.Ma. 27; ἂν ᾖ τὸ στράτευμα be in existence, D. 8.17; of money, to be in hand, τῶν ὄντων χρημάτων καὶ τῶν προσιόντων IG 12.91.25; τὰ ὄντα property, Pl. Grg. 511a, Plu. Ant. 24, etc.; τὸ ἐσόμενον ἐκ.. future revenue from.., BCH 46.420 (Olymos, i B. C.); of place, τὴν οὖσαν ἐκκλησίαν the local church, Act.Ap. 13.1; of time, τοῦ ὄντος μηνός in the current month, BGU 146.4, etc.; in office, ἱερέων τῶν ὄντων PPar. 5.4 (ii B. C.); αἱ οὖσαι [ἐξουσίαι] the powers that be, Ep. Rom. 13.1.

II of the real world, be, opp. become, γίγνεται πάντα ἃ δή φαμεν εἶναι Pl. Tht. 152d, etc.; τὸ ὄν Being, Parm. 8.35, Protag. 2, Pl. Ti. 27d, etc.; opp. τὸ μὴ ὄν, Gorg. Fr. 3 D., etc.; οὐδὲν γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος Epicur. Ep. 1p.5U.; ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων ἐποίησεν αὐτὰ ὁ θεός LXX 2 Ma. 7.28; τὰ ὄντα the world of things, Heraclit. 7, Emp. 129.5, etc.; ὄν indecl., τῶν ὂν εἰδῶν species of Being, Plot. 6.2.10.